Cost factors restricting the development of 10GbE Ethernet

Of course, we will be told that this year will be the year 10Gb / s Ethernet great development over the past few years as we have been repeatedly told that. The reason is not because of technical ability -? 10 gigabit ethernet sfp has stabilized for some time - but because of the cost.
When 1000 base-t technology dominate the market, you can take 10/100 of your device is inserted into the 10/100/1000 switch, and then it can work.More important, 1 gb/SEC Ethernet port on a switch cost has dropped to very low, so that if we don't need to maintain high throughput on these links, we all feel that they spend money on port.If we need 1 gb/SEC Ethernet is there, even if we don't need most of the time.
Some people believe that 10 gb/SEC Ethernet will follow the same pattern, but even the optimists are also beginning to forecast by 10 gbase - 2014 T to be made more than the alternative solution deployment.Even if by that time, we are still going to deal with the various types of 10 gbe interface type.The price is still an obstacle.The price of each switch port 1000 base-t can only $10, but the most common type of 10GBASE SFP+ - the switch port cost is 300 dollars, I expect this costs can drop to below $200 by the end of the year.10 gbase - T still more expensive than the unit switch port costs of SFP +, and compared with the SFP +, 10 gbase - T more rare on the market.
Cisco will tell you the opportunity 10Gbase-T is now. Of course, it must rely on something like "unit Gb costs" kind of lying in order to convince people. Most companies are not prepared to increase the bandwidth of the connection, so just imagine that we will do it only shows trying to sell 10GbE vendors completely unwilling to participate in the 10GbE market commercialization in the past.
Clever powerpoint slides can talk "10 times more bandwidth, only three times the cost", but it is only used in the mainstream of avoiding real problem: most businesses don't need to be 10 times the bandwidth, and is not willing to pay 3 times the cost.
If you are switching infrastructure is Cisco end - to - end , you may not care about how cost . You may not care about the SFP + $ 100 or $ 300 straight cable 's 1000base-sx sfp transceiver module . If your business depends on commodity SME switches, then you - like me - would have been free to use almost 1Gb / s link , 10GbE down until a reasonable price level.
Cisco , Juniper and other vendors are not prepared to promote commercialization. They have been marginalized in the face of market problems in 2013 . Software-defined networking is increasingly becoming a threat , eventually it will be possible crowding out of our core infrastructure for decades with these vendors of proprietary products.
Intel has vigorously to 10 gbe configuration to the motherboard and promote its commercialization.All servers in the future will be ready to use 10 gbe, but for many companies, they will be no one to dialogue.
As a giant switch chip, Intel can choose tomorrow, let 10Gbase-T Explosive appear on the market within a quarter. The company produces excellent 10GbE switch chip - with a very low price to D-Link or Netgear will rewrite the pattern of the entire market.

The industry's first quad-channel SFP interface for conformance testing and debugging solutions

Oscilloscope market makers announced that launched the first in the industry for four-channel SFP interfaces (QSFP +) compatible product consistency test and debug the solution.New QSFP + solution based on the liner the DPO/DSA/MSO70000 oscilloscope, including to design, test and verify the QSFP + design requires all the components, HCB fixture and the test automation and software debugging tools.
QSFP + is a compact for data communication applications can heat change the transceiver.It will network equipment main board (such as switches, routers, media converter and similar devices of the motherboard) through the interface connected to the cable.SFF committee released the latest specification of the data transmission rate reaches 4 x10gb/s and support serial connection SCSI, 40 g Ethernet, Infiniband 20 g / 40 g and other communication standards.Compared with the 10GBASE SFP+ Transceiver, QSFP + module port density increased by 3-4 times."
QSFP + evolve and sfp transceiver module, this means that engineers need comprehensive testing solutions to efficient and rapid verify its design and put them to the market", the company general manager of high-performance oscilloscope Brian Reich said, "our solutions to provide automatic conformance testing function, compared with manual test time can help customers to save as much as 80%, at the same time provide to our world-class seamless migration of debugging environment."
Unlike the other based on a sampling oscilloscope sfp plus transceiver test solutions, the new Tektronix SFP + QSFP + Tx solution is based on real-time oscilloscope, which is engaged in the preferred platform for QSFP + and SFF-8431 and SFF-8635 product design engineers. SFP + QSFP + Tx solution also provides support for Transmitter Waveform Distortion Penalty for Copper (TWDPc) test (SFF- 8431 standard requirements for this test), which is currently unique.
SFP + QSFP + Tx solution using a simple menu driven measurement Settings and provide one-click conformance testing, and automatic report generation "pass/fail", help to improve the efficiency of test and measurement.In addition to the standard consistency requirements, this solution also support the design verification, and configuration of the test, such as window and other parameters of flexible control.If the design of the conformance test failure, the user can use DPOJET (jitter) and timing analysis Settings file to reduce debugging time.

By the time 2016 transceiver module market will reach $3.3 billion

With the development of the technology of 100 - Gbps, adjustable SFP + optical transceiver module market is the overall expansion.According to the latest release Infonetics 40 g / 10 g / 100 g optical transceiver module size of the market and forecast, optical transceiver module market is expected to reach $3.3 billion.

The report tracks used in optical transmission, enterprises, carriers routing and switching field 10-Gbps ,40-Gbps ,100-Gbps optical transceiver modules and converters. .

"2012 will be crucial for 100G year, many new equipment manufacturers equipment put into use," Infonetics Research analyst Andrew Schmitt said, "operators to upgrade its fiber-optic network and the launch of a coherent network, will drive in 2013 optical components market demand. Meanwhile, in the tunable XFP dominant role, 10G WDM interfaces will continue to grow. Additionally, the data center fiber optic sfp module explosive growth in demand will occur.

In fact, some trend has appeared.For example, in 2010, compared to the 2011-10 Gbps SFP + optical transceiver module shipments grew nearly doubled.Infonetics expected until 2016, the demand of the 10g sfp module will remain the compound annual growth rate of 40%.At the same time, as the market is added some new suppliers, in 2011, tunable XFP shipments has increased by three times.And WDM function module shipments in 2011 also increased by 24%.

The Design of Cable Jumper for 2.5G & beyond SFP Optical Interface

Traditionally， the maximum transmission rate of the electricity-based SFP is 1G， lacking the technology and product to convey the 2.5 G&beyond high-speed links．At present， optical transmission is the primary way to support 2.5 G&beyond high-speed SFP links.
Based on common cable materials， this paper employs electromagnetic field and circuits joint-simulations to design low-cost， high-quality SFP cable jumper in order to replace the 3G&below SFP fiber jumper which is composed of high-speed optical module and fiber.
1. Application Requirements
Small Form-Factor Pluggable SFP (Small Form Pluggables) module is pin High-speed optical interconnect interface and design, 1000base-sx sfp transceiver module interface commonly used rate has 155Mbps, 1.25Gbps and 2.5Gbps, the highest rate of up to 10Gbps, more mining With LC connector. The widely used SFP optical modules exist several disadvantages:
1)sfp transceiver module contains expensive lasers and photodetectors, use, and maintenance costs Higher;
2)light jumper connection and laying certain technical requirements, ease of use is not Strong;
3)SFP optical module is active devices, not only there is a big power, and capacity
Easy to aging and failure.
Electrical link optical link compared to the cost and stability, ease of use has a more Big advantage, but there is more than ripe for the 1G SFP electrical interface Ethernet link Road, no more than 2.5G technology and products for high-speed links. This design Based on the general design of the cable material cost, high-quality SFP cable jumpers in Upon completion of up to 3Gbps data transfer within 10 meters range, short-range connections Now replace the optical module and cable.
2.Technical design
SFP design is a high-speed signal integrity problems, and gigabit sfp ports is passUse of connectors, the input and output interface should comply with the national standard.This design from the basic.The transmission line.For planar transmission line, first of all it is dispersive, affect the letter.Transmission;Second on the transfer if there is discontinuous, will not introduce circuit.Reflection, impact continuity, input, output and transmission performance;The third is the transport.There is a radiation and mutual coupling between lines.This design USES the electromagnetic field and circuit of the imitation.True technology, choose appropriate transmission line, optimization design, structure and size effectively.To overcome the effects of the above three points.
In order to reduce the cost of production, PCB board selects the dielectric constant is about 4.3 FR4 multilayer board, a total thickness of 1 mm.According to the design requirements, SFP is poor Impedance: 100 + 10 Ω;Ω single-ended impedance: 50 plus or minus 2.PCB board is divided into three zones.Domain to carry on the design.
Code rate 5 GBPS signal output eye diagram

The mechanism of the new SFP tunable semiconductor laserTunable

semiconductor laser is one of the key components of the next generation optical network.Typical Bragg grating (DBR) tunable semiconductor laser (SGDBR, DS - DBR) has a wide tuning range, such as edge mode rejection ratio and wavelength switching high speed etc, the making craft of this kind of device is more complicated, however, involves the active/passive waveguide integrated, secondary epitaxial growth technology, etc.
In recent years, based on slotted Fabry - Perot (single mode fiber transceiver), the structure of laser caused great interest of researchers, the main reason is that the device has a simple production process, a single epitaxial growth and ordinary lithography process), and is expected to be based on this kind of structure has developed a new, low-cost tunable semiconductor laser.
Professor Yu Yonglin research group optoelectronic device functionality integrated with laboratory research group with Professor L. Barry Dublin City University collaboration on three sections SFP tunable semiconductor lasers were studied. Through detailed characterization of the slot structure constructed device models, simulation results and actual test results obtained coincide. The study not only reveals the tuning mechanism of three sections small form-factor pluggable transceiver, but also has some significance for the optimization design of the device. The study, published in the IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics optoelectronic device simulation album (Vol.15, No.3, Sep / Oct, 2013) on.
The research was supported by the Chinese Ministry of Science and international cooperation projects in support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministry of Education Doctoral Program and the Ministry of Science and Principal Investigator projects in Ireland and Irish Enterprise Partnership project.
Figure 1 three SFP tunable semiconductor laser structure diagram


Figure 2 three SFP tunable semiconductor lasers lasing spectra superimposed on simulation results